1. Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a legal action filed to protect public interest, rights of disadvantaged groups, or matters affecting society at large.
2. It can be filed before the Supreme Court of India under Article 32 of the Constitution of India or before High Courts under Article 226.
3. Any public-spirited individual or organization can file a PIL, even if not directly affected.
4. Focuses on issues like environment protection, human rights, corruption, governance, and social justice.